At the highest energies, it is not feasible to measure cosmic rays directly and therefore we measure cosmic rays indirectly by observing a cascade of secondary particles (air shower) induced by interactions of the primary cosmic ray with the atmosphere of the Earth.
The Pierre Auger Observatory uses 27 large-aperture wide-angle Schmidt telescopes to measure the longitudinal profile of air...
Molecular plating (MP) is an electrochemical deposition method to produce mechanically stable thin films of radioisotopes and the term was coined by Parker and Falk in 1962 [1]. The produced thin films find widespread applications in nuclear physics and chemistry experiments, e.g., as α-particle or recoil ion sources, or as targets for ion beam experiments [2].
To produce thin films via MP,...
The Einstein Telescope (ET) is the European third-generation gravitational-wave observatory currently under development.
It includes a low-frequency (LF) and a high-frequency laser interferometer.
In comparison to existing detectors, sensitivity improvements of several orders of magnitude are foreseen.
Cryogenic operation of ET-LF is imperative for exploiting the full scientific potential of...
Despite the recent advances in physics, Dark Matter (DM) still eludes detection by modern large-scale experiments and puzzles the minds of physicists. Paleo-detectors represent a drastically different approach to DM detection. We propose an innovative and daring idea that takes advantage of the advent of modern microscopy and computational techniques to read out and analyze nanometer-sized...
While the search for Dark Matter in the form of massive WIMPs sets stronger and stronger limits, the low mass region of the DM-nucleon scattering parameter space has been barely probed. An efficient detection of Light Dark Matter (LDM) requires a sub-keV detection energy threshold and large exposure. Solid state detectors can reach O(10 eV) threshold, but they are limited in exposure by their...
The matter-antimatter asymmetry might be understood by investigating the EDM (Electric Dipole Moment) of elementary charged particles. A permanent EDM of a subatomic particle violates time reversal and parity symmetry at the same time. A finite EDM would be, if discoverd with the currently achievable experimental accuracy, an indication for further CP violation than established in the Standard...
Approaching the limits of nuclear binding, the structure and properties of drip-line nuclei is of great interest and draws a lot of attention from both, experiment and theory. The nuclear properties in the light lanthanide region are shaped by the interplay between large beta-decay Q-values, low or negative proton separation energies, and the confining effects of the Coulomb barrier. From...
Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters (MMCs) are low temperature single particle detectors, whose working principle is based on quantum technology. Due to their excellent energy resolution, near linear detector response, fast signal rise time and close to 100% quantum efficiency, MMCs outperform conventional detectors by several orders of magnitude, making them interesting for a wide range of...
This poster will introduce the Einstein Telescope Pathfinder project, which is being set up at Maastricht University, and point out the contributions by the Institute for Astroparticle Physics and Technical Physics at KIT.
Global analyses of different dark matter searches are necessary to determine the status of dark matter models. Highly accurate antiproton measurements from AMS-02 would add valuable information to such global analyses. I will present an analysis pipeline for fast and accurate antiproton likelihoods in global scans. The pipeline consists of a neural network emulator for antiproton flux...
Research data infrastructures constitute comprehensive digital frameworks encompassing both physical (hardware infrastructure) and digital (technologies, resources, workflows, protocols, etc.) components. Their primary role lies in facilitating the complete life cycle of research data, thereby advancing scientific knowledge, fostering collaboration, and ensuring data integrity and...
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a next-generation neutrino detector under construction in South China. It aims to determine the neutrino mass ordering (NMO) primarily by studying the vacuum-dominated oscillation pattern of reactor antineutrinos.With its 20 kton of liquid scintillator target surrounded by 17612 20'' and 25600 3'' PMTs, JUNO will be able to probe as well...
A production run focused on hyperon production was carried out in 2022 with the upgraded HADES Spectrometer, including the new Forward Detector components (FD). The measurements were performed with a proton beam of 4.5 GeV impinging onto a liquid hydrogen target. Proton-proton elastic scattering with one proton going in the FD ($\theta_{FD} <$ 6$^{\circ}$) and the other proton into the main...
The High Acceptance Di-lepton Spectrometer (HADES) collaboration at GSI employs a pion beam to examine the characteristics of baryonic resonances and their decay channels. This pion-beam facility enables the generation of baryonic resonances at a fixed center of mass energy ($\sqrt{s}$), i.e. in the S-channel. Consequently, these beams possess a significant advantage over proton-induced...
The DARk matter Wimp search with liquid xenoN (DARWIN) observatory is a future dark matter detector aiming at reaching the sensitivity for WIMPs at the neutrino floor and covering the mass range from 5 GeV/c2 to above 10 TeV/c2 [1]. The observatory uses the technology of a dual-phase time projection chamber (TPC) with a 40 t active volume of liquid xenon (LXe) [1].
The electrodes of the TPC...
Ultra-high energy (UHE) cosmic rays and neutrinos induce so-called particle air-showers as they interact with the Earth's atmosphere or crust. Radio detection of air-showers has proven to be very advantageous for the measurement of UHE cosmic rays. As a consequence, a new generation of experiments for radio detection at large scales is currently in development. The Giant Radio Array for...
To understand the physics of cosmic rays at the highest energies (above $10^{18}$ eV), it is essential to have an accurate knowledge of their mass composition. At these energies the direct detection of cosmic rays is unfeasible due to their scarcity. However, using Earth's atmosphere as a calorimeter, it is possible to observe the cascade of secondary particles. Hence, to gain insight into the...
The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to determine the mass of the electron antineutrino by kinematic measurements of the tritium beta-decay with a target sensitivity of 0.2 eV$/c^2$ (90\% C.L.). In 2022, KATRIN reported the most stringent limit on the neutrino mass with $m_\nu < 0.8$ eV$/c^2$ (90\% C.L) based on data acquired during the first two science runs of 2019....
CORSIKA 8 is a new framework for air shower simulations implemented in modern C++17, based on past experience with existing codes like CORSIKA 7. The flexible and modular structure of the project allows the development of independent modules that can produce a fully customizable air shower simulation. The radio module in particular is designed to treat the signal propagation and electric field...
The matter-antimatter asymmetry may be explained through CP-violation by
observing a permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of subatomic particles.
An advanced approach to measure the EDM of charged particles is to apply a
unique method of "Frozen spin" on a polarized beam in an accelerator. To
increase the experimental precision step by step and to study systematic
effects, the EDM...
The energy production in the Sun, resulting from hydrogen-to-helium fusion, involves two distinct processes: the proton-proton (pp) chain and the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle. These fusion reactions give rise to electron flavor neutrinos known as solar neutrinos. Over the last few decades, the detection of solar neutrinos has provided compelling evidence for neutrino flavor oscillations....
Since the release of the Gravitational Wave Transient Catalogue, GWTC-2.1 by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration, sub-threshold gravitational wave (GW) candidates are publicly available. They are expected to be released in real-time as well, in the upcoming O4 run. Using these GW candidates for multi-messenger studies complements the ongoing efforts to identify neutrino counterparts to GW events....
Light-shining-through-wall (LSW) and helioscope experiments are designed for generic searches of axions and axion-like-particles (ALPS), relying only on either self-made particles or solar emission. Typically, both experimental approaches utilise the conversion of these particles into photons in the presence of a strong external magnetic field (Sikivie effect) for detection. While LSW...
We investigate the discovery potential for long-lived particles produced in association with a top-antitop quark pair at the (High-Luminosity) LHC. Compared to inclusive searches for a displaced vertex, top-associated signals offer new trigger options and an extra handle to suppress background. We design a search strategy for a displaced di-muon vertex in the tracking detectors, in association...
With the implementation of a low-energy trigger, the surface array of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory is able to record cosmic-ray induced air showers with a primary energy of just a few hundred TeV. This extension of the energy range closes the gap between direct and indirect observations of primary cosmic rays and provides the potential to test the validity of hadronic interaction models in...
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory with its deep in-ice detectors, has effectively contributed to neutrino astronomy. IceTop, located on the surface, is a cosmic ray detector measuring particles produced as a result of extensive air showers. A planned elevated Surface Array, consisting of 8 scintillators and 3 antennas per station, is expected to further the cosmic-ray detection capabilities of...
